10 Essential Blockchain Interview Questions *
最好的区块链开发人员可以回答的全部基本问题. 在我们社区的推动下,我们鼓励专家提交问题并提供反馈.
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比特币区块没有以任何方式加密:每个区块都是公开的. 防止修改和保证数据完整性的是一个被称为块哈希的值. 区块内容是使用特殊的哈希函数处理的——以比特币为例, 它是sha256,结果值包含在区块链中.
币/令牌用于实现状态之间的更改. When somebody does a transaction, this is a change of state, and coins are moved from one address to another. Apart from that, transactions can contain additional data, 状态的改变被用来改变数据——这是在定义不可变的区块链中做到这一点的唯一方法. Technically, 区块链的基本操作不需要硬币, but without them, 需要引入一些其他方法来管理链的状态和验证事务.
When a new node boots up, it doesn’t know anything about the network, because there is no central server. 通常,开发人员提供直接写入代码的可信节点列表,可用于初始对等发现.
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网络上的每个完整节点都进行区块验证. 当宣布一个新的区块时,接收它的每个节点都会进行一系列检查. The two most important checks are of proof of work (如果一个区块提供了足够的工作来包含在链中)以及所有交易的有效性(每个交易必须是有效的).
A scriptPubKey is a so-called “locking script.“它存在于交易产出中,是支出产出必须满足的负担.
P2SH是一种特殊类型的地址,在这种地址中,复杂的锁定脚本被替换为它的散列. 当尝试花费的事务稍后显示输出时, it must contain the script that matches the hash, in addition to the unlocking script.
OP_EQUALVERIFY
scriptPubKey: 1234567 OP_EQUALVERIFY
scriptSig: 1234567
scriptPubKey: "30d" OP_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY OP_VERIFY
scriptSig: empty
活板门函数是一种在一个方向上容易计算但在相反方向上很难计算的函数,除非你有特殊的信息. Trapdoor函数对于公钥加密至关重要—这就是为什么在b区块链开发中通常使用它们来表示地址和私钥的思想.
挖矿是在区块链网络中达成共识的过程. Mining serves two purposes. First, it creates new coins in a generated block. 其次,它通过提供分布式账本中的交易 proof of work to the network; that is, proof that the generated block is valid.
分类账中的区块以这样一种方式包含,以构建最长的链,即i.e., the chain with the greatest cumulative difficulty. 分叉是指有两个候选区块竞争形成最长的区块链,两个矿工在很短的时间内发现工作证明问题的解决方案. 然后网络被分割,因为一些节点从矿工#1获得区块,一些从矿工#2获得区块.
A fork usually gets resolved in one block, 因为这种情况再次发生的概率会随着下一个木块的出现而变得非常低, 所以很快就会有一条新的最长链被认为是主链.
(Note: This type of fork is distinct from a hard fork, 有些开发人员决定在什么情况下对区块链协议进行向后不兼容的更改, resulting in two forever-distinct blockchains.)
面试不仅仅是棘手的技术问题, so these are intended merely as a guide. 并不是每一个值得雇佣的“A”候选人都能回答所有的问题, 回答所有问题也不能保证成为A级考生. At the end of the day, 招聘仍然是一门艺术,一门科学,需要大量的工作.
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